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1930-420, Print
Caesar Caligula
1930-420, Print

Caesar Caligula

Date1660-1729
Artist/Maker Aegidius Sadeler
Maker Tiziano Vecelli Titian
OriginEurope, Czech Republic, Prague
MediumBlack and white line engraving
DimensionsOH: 16 9/16" x OW: 12"; plate: H: 14" x W: 9 1/2"
Credit LineMuseum Purchase
Object number1930-420
DescriptionUpper margin reads "C. CAESAR CALIGVLA."
Lower margin reads: "IV. / Laetitian picto poteris cognoscere vultu / Vrbi olim quanta hoc regnum ineunte fuit. / Venit ad inmumera per fora caede boum. / Principio hand melior quisquam, quo denique peior / Nemo fuit, cecidit cum sibi gentis amor. / Vnam Romani te, qui truncare cupisiti / Ceruicem populi, factio caedit ouans. / Ægidius Sadeler S.C.M. Sculp / Titianus inuentor"

Label TextBorn in 1570, Ægidius Sadeler II (1570-1629) had a prosperous career as an engraver. Trained by his uncle, Jan Sadeler, Ægidius Sadeler went on to work under three different Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperors. Sadeler dedicated this set of Caesar portraits, based off of Titian’s lost portraits, to Ferdinand II, who reigned from 1619-1637. In a letter dating to 1622, Sadeler remarks that all work in his shop had stopped except for two larger projects which were “in progress.” One of the two projects is listed as Twenty Four Roman Emperors and Empresses.

There appear to be four different states of these prints. This particular set appears to be the third state, dating from 1660-1729. While the second state has the addition of Marcus Sadeler’s name, Ægidius’s nephew who was an active publisher until 1660, in the lower margin, the fourth state lacks his name. Instead, a French inscription was added which states the name of a French engraver, François Chéreau (1680-1729), with the addition of the letters ‘VE’ or an abbreviation for the word ‘widow’ in French, or veuve.

These prints were popular in the period in which Ægidius lived as well as many years after. A set of 11 Caesar prints appear in a 1771 inventory of the Raleigh Tavern.