The Prodigal Son in Excess

Date1790

Publisher John Marshall (fl.1782 - 1804)

MediumEtching and line engraving on laid paper

Credit LineGift of Mr. Robert Goodwin.

Object number1974-105,3

DescriptionUpper right corner reads: "3"
Title reads: "The PRODIGAL SON IN EXCESS"
Lower margin reads: "Published as the Act directs, March 8.th 1790, by John Marshall, N.o 4 Aldermary Church Yard London."
Label TextA story of departure, decline, penitence, and redemption, the parable of the Prodigal Son (Luke 15:11-32) in which a younger son asks for his father for his inheritance early, squanders the fortune, is reduced to extreme poverty, and is forgiven by his father, has been an important subject for artists since the thirteenth century. The story's narrative was a popular moral subject with both “high and low” audiences, resonating as a warning to the youth and an aspirational example to parents. This scene is the third of the five-part series. The Prodigal Son, seated at center, squanders his money on drink, women, and other suggested debaucheries.

The subject reached the height of its popularity in Europe and the Atlantic world during the 18th century, as family values and structures shifted the position of the father as the totalitarian center of the family to a focus on children. The works of Rousseau and Locke encouraged nurturing and egalitarian familial relationships over strict discipline and harsh treatment. Despite the son’s failures and lack of judgement, the father’s forgiveness represents the ideal welcoming and compassionate family unit.